When choosing health coverage, employers must weigh the differences between fully insured health plans and self-funded health plans. With fully insured plans, employers pay a fixed premium to an insurance company, which then assumes responsibility for claims payments and manages the risk. This approach offers predictability, but can increase costs, and limit flexibility as well as access to claims data.
In contrast, self-funded plans, also known as self-insured health plans, allow employers to pay claims directly for covered health services as they are incurred, rather than paying fixed premiums to an insurance carrier. This gives them more control over health care costs and the ability to customize plan benefits. Self funded health plans are often paired with stop-loss insurance, which protects employers from high cost claims by capping their financial exposure. According to the Kaiser Family Foundation, a majority of covered workers—61%—are now enrolled in self-funded health plans, reflecting a growing trend toward alternative funding options. Employers considering self-funding should evaluate the potential for cost savings, the need for detailed reporting, and the administrative costs involved, as well as the level of risk they are willing to assume. By understanding the key differences between fully insured and self-funded plans, employers can make informed decisions that align with their company’s goals and employee needs.